The advantages of JSP Over Servlets
Java Server Pages (JSP) and Servlets are both server-side technologies used to create dynamic web content. However, JSP over servlets advantages over pure Servlets, particularly in the context of web development.
1. Ease of Development
 JSP
- Allows embedding Java code directly within HTML, making it easier to write and understand the web page content.
- Separates the presentation layer from the business logic, enabling web designers to focus on HTML/CSS while developers handle the Java code.
Servlets
- Requires generating HTML content within Java code, which can be cumbersome and hard to maintain.
- Mixing HTML with Java code can make the code harder to read and debug.
2. Separation of Concerns
 JSP :
- Promotes the Model-View-Controller (MVC) architecture by separating the presentation layer (JSP) from the business logic (Servlets or JavaBeans).
- Enhances maintainability and scalability by organizing the code into distinct layers.
 Servlets
 Often result in mixing business logic with presentation code, making the application harder to maintain and extend.
3. Readability and Maintainability
 JSP
- HTML-like syntax is more readable and easier to maintain, especially for web designers who may not be proficient in Java.
- Use of custom tags and tag libraries (e.g., JSTL) further simplifies the JSP code, making it more maintainable.
 Servlets
 Generating HTML content within Java code reduces readability and makes it difficult to separate the concerns.
4. Support for Custom Tags and Expression Language
 JSP
- Supports custom tags and tag libraries, allowing the creation of reusable components and simplifying complex operations.
- JSP Expression Language (EL) allows for easy access to application data without requiring extensive Java code.
Servlets
 Do not have built-in support for custom tags or expression language, making the code more verbose and less modular.
5. Implicit Objects
JSP
 Provides a set of implicit objects (e.g., request, response, session, application, out) that simplify common operations without needing to declare them explicitly.
 Servlets
 Require explicit declarations and handling of such objects, adding to the boilerplate code.
6. Integration with Web Technologies
 JSP
- Easier integration with web technologies such as JavaScript, CSS, and HTML due to its HTML-like structure.
- Facilitates the use of web design tools and frameworks, enhancing the development process.
 Servlets
 Integration with web technologies can be more challenging due to the need to embed HTML within Java code JSP over servlets .

Table of Contents
JSP Example:
jsp
<%@ page language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>JSP Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Welcome, <%= request.getParameter("username") %>!</h1>
</body>
</html>
Servlet Example:
java
import java.io.*;
import javax.servlet.*;
import javax.servlet.http.*;
public class ServletExample extends HttpServlet {
public void doGet(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response)
throws ServletException, IOException {
response.setContentType("text/html");
PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
String username = request.getParameter("username");
out.println("<html>");
out.println("<head><title>Servlet Example</title></head>");
out.println("<body>");
out.println("<h1>Welcome, " + username + "!</h1>");
out.println("</body>");
out.println("</html>");
}
}
Summary of Advantages JSP over servlets
Feature | JSP | Pure Servlets |
Development Ease | Embeds Java in HTML, simpler for web development | Requires HTML generation in Java, more complex |
Separation of Concerns | Supports MVC, separates presentation and business logic | Often mixes presentation and business logic |
Readability & Maintainability | More readable, easier to maintain due to HTML-like syntax | Less readable, harder to maintain |
Custom Tags & EL | Supports custom tags and EL for easier data access | Lacks built-in support for custom tags and EL |
Implicit Objects | Provides implicit objects simplifying common tasks | Requires explicit handling of objects |
Integration with Web Technologies | Seamless integration with HTML, CSS, JavaScript | More challenging integration with web technologies |